An Introduction to the Technology Cycle in Islamic Humanities: Presenting an Intersection Model for Transforming Knowledge into Technology

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Graduate of Qom Seminary; Head of Eshraq Center for Creativity and Innovation, Qom, Iran

2 Assistant Professor, Islamic Sciences and Culture Academy, Qom, Iran.

3 Faculty of Information and Documents Organization Department, Faculty of Islamic Information and Documents Management, Research Institute of Islamic Sciences and Culture, Qom, Iran

Abstract

Despite significant advances in transforming knowledge into technology in technical and engineering fields, the humanities, particularly Islamic humanities, continue to face serious challenges in translating theoretical knowledge into applicable technologies. The main problem addressed in this study is the limited attention paid to the technology cycle in Islamic humanities and the lack of operational models for establishing a link between knowledge production and the resolution of real-world societal problems. The present article aims to propose a conceptual framework for activating the technology cycle in Islamic humanities. This analytical-argumentative study examines three major approaches to transforming knowledge into technology— “science push,” “market pull,” and the “intersection model”—in an attempt to identify the most effective model for this field. The findings indicate that the first two approaches, on their own, cannot adequately address the complexities of Islamic humanities, as the former is excessively theoretical, while the latter is excessively problem-oriented and short-term in focus. By contrast, the intersection model establishes a link between the knowledge foundations of Islamic humanities and areas of social need, thereby providing a suitable basis for the emergence of social innovations and soft technologies. In this model, four main stages are proposed for transforming knowledge into technology: identifying fields of innovation, generating and refining ideas, prioritizing and selecting, and operationalization. Implementing this model requires the establishment of intermediary institutions, reform of science policies, and development of a culture of application-oriented knowledge in the humanities. Ultimately, this study concludes that activating the technology cycle in Islamic humanities can contribute to enhancing the social effectiveness of these disciplines and strengthening the civilizational capacity of Islamic societies.
 

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

احمدی، محمد؛ رسول‌‌زاده اقدم، صمد؛ محمدی‌‌فر، یوسف. (1391). موانع و راهکارهای کاربست یافته‌‌های تحقیقاتی علوم انسانی. مطالعات میان‌‌رشته‌‌ای در علوم انسانی، 4(2)، صص 17-34.
بابایی، علی. (1386). موانع و چالش‌‌های کاربست یافته‌‌های پژوهشی ایران. اصلاح و تربیت، (62)، صص 26-29.
پارسانیا، حمید. (1398). ما و علوم انسانی (ج1). قم: دانشگاه باقرالعلوم.
تقوی، مصطفی؛ پاکزاد، مهدی. (1386). نقش و کارکرد دانشگاه‌‌ها در نظام ملی نوآوری. مطالعات معرفتی در دانشگاه اسلامی، 11(4)، صص 19-38.
تقی‌‌زاده، نفیسه؛ حسینقلی‌‌زاده، رضوان؛ و جاویدی، طاهره. (1394). آسیب‌‌شناسی تولید دانش در هسته‌‌های پژوهشی علوم انسانی. راهبرد فرهنگ، (30)، صص.188-161.
موسوی زارع، جواد؛ زرقانی، هادی؛ و اعظمی، هادی. (1396). بررسی و تحلیل جایگاه علم و فناوری در عرصۀ قدرت سخت، نرم و هوشمند. ژئوپلیتیک، 13(3)، صص 103-138.
عالی‌‌پور، علیرضا. (1397). مدل فناوری‌‌های نرم در الگوی اسلامی-ایرانی پیشرفت. مطالعات الگوی اسلامی-ایرانی پیشرفت، 6(12)، صص 135-160.
عالی‌‌پور، علیرضا؛ عنایتی، ترانه. (1393). پیشنهاد مدل مراکز رشد زایشی علوم انسانی دانشگاهی، حرکت به‌سمت دانشگاه‌‌های نسل چهارم. رشد و فناوری، 10(39)، صص 20-27.
فرقانی، علی؛ انصاری، رضا. (1387). ضرورت توسعۀ نظام ملی نوآوری در ایران. رهیافت، (22)، صص 10-18.
شفیع‌زاده، حمید. (1392). بررسی وضعیت توسعۀ نظام ملی نوآوری(NIS) در جمهوری اسلامی ایران. راهبرد اجتماعی فرهنگی، 2(8)، صص 141-162.
عظیمی، ناصرعلی؛ سمندرعلی اشتهاردی، مژگان؛ و فخر موسوی، الهام. (1400). کارآیی نظام ملی نوآوری ایران و کشورهای منتخب. پژوهش‌‌های اقتصادی (رشد و توسعۀ پایدار)، 21(2)، صص 117-149.
نجفی رستاقی، حیدر؛ عرب‌‌حسینی، نیما. (1401). فراترکیب حوزۀ فناوری نرم؛ حرکت به‌سوی رویکردی نوین در حل مسائل اجتماعی و حکمرانی. سیاست‌‌نامه علم و فناوری، 12(3)، صص 86-107.
Berkhout, A. J., Hartmann, D., van der Duin, P., & Ortt, R. (2006). Innovating the innovation process. International Journal of Technology Management, 34(3–4), pp. 390–404.
Betz, F. (2003). Managing technological innovation: Competitive advantage from change. Wiley.
Bush, V. (1945). Science: The endless frontier. U.S. Government Printing Office.
Chesbrough, H. (2003). Open innovation: The new imperative for creating and profiting from technology. Harvard Business School Press.
Chesbrough, H. (2006). Open business models: How to thrive in the new innovation landscape. Harvard Business School Press.
Cooper, R. G. (1990). Stage-gate systems: A new tool for managing new products. Business Horizons, 33(3), pp. 44–54.
Etzkowitz, H., & Leydesdorff, L. (2000). The dynamics of innovation: From national systems and “Mode 2” to a triple helix of university–industry–government relations. Research Policy, 29(2), pp. 109–123.
Godin, B. (2006). The linear model of innovation: The historical construction of an analytical framework. Science, Technology, & Human Values, 31(6), pp. 639–667.
Howkins, J. (2001). The creative economy: How people make money from ideas. Penguin.
Kline, S. J., & Rosenberg, N. (1986). An overview of innovation (R. Landau & N. Rosenberg, Eds.). The positive sum strategy: Harnessing technology for economic growth (pp. 275–305). National Academy Press.
Mankins, J. C. (1995). Technology readiness levels. NASA White Paper.
Mankins, J. C. (2009). Technology readiness assessments. NASA.
Markham, S. K., Ward, S. J., Aiman-Smith, L., & Kingon, A. I. (2010). The valley of death as context for role theory in product innovation. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 27(3), pp. 402–417.
Nasr, S. H. (1987). Islamic science: An illustrated study. World of Islam Festival
Nye, J. (2004). Soft Power: the Means of Success in Publishing. World Politics. New York: Public Affairs.
OECD. (2015). Frascati manual 2015: Guidelines for collecting and reporting data on research and experimental development. OECD Publishing.
Rogers, E. M. (2003). Diffusion of innovations (5th ed.). Free Press.
Rothwell, R. (1994). Towards the fifth-generation innovation process. International Marketing Review, 11(1), pp. 7–31.
Sardar, Z. (1989). Explorations in Islamic science. London: Mansell Publishing.
Schmookler, J. (1966). Invention and economic growth. Harvard University Press.
Sjoer, E., Nørgaard, B., & Goossens, M. (2011). The knowledge triangle in practice. European Journal of Education, 46(1), pp. 73–86.
Stokes, D. E. (1997). Pasteur’s quadrant: Basic science and technological innovation. Brookings Institution Press.
Utterback, J. M. (1994). Mastering the dynamics of innovation. Harvard Business School Press.
von Hippel, E. (1988). The sources of innovation. Oxford University Press.
Zhouying, J. (2005). Global Technological Chmge. From Hard Technology to Soft Technology. Bristol.
Islamic Knowledge Management
Volume 8, Issue 1 - Serial Number 15
February 2026
Pages 40-65

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 25 August 2025
  • Revise Date: 22 January 2026
  • Accept Date: 26 February 2026

Share

How to cite

Statistics